Coal India output decline tightens supply
Coal India's quarterly production fell while power demand grew, straining availability. Rising mining costs and higher e-auction realisations point to continued upward pressure on coal prices.
Coal India's quarterly production fell while power demand grew, straining availability. Rising mining costs and higher e-auction realisations point to continued upward pressure on coal prices.
War in West Asia disrupts LNG supply through the Strait of Hormuz, forcing economies to increase coal-fired power generation. This surge in demand is tightening the coal market and pushing prices upward.
| Product | Category | Region | Price | Last Updated Month |
| Steam | Operating Costs, Logistics and Utilities | China | 223 USD/MT | Oct'2021 |
| Steam | Operating Costs, Logistics and Utilities | Europe | 150 USD/MT | Oct'2021 |
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In thermal power plants, coal is the most often used fuel to convert water to superheated steam. Bituminous coal, often known as brown coal, is commonly used as a boiler fuel in India because its volatile content ranges from 8% to 33% and its ash content ranges from 5% to 16%. One tonne of steam requires 118.5 kilos of BB-coal, of which 83%, or 98.4 kilogrammes, is raw coal. China was a big contributor to the rise in coal prices in 2021. The increase in demand induced by a supply deficit was exacerbated when China declined to continue trading coal with Australia.
The price in China reached an all-time high of 223 USD/MT in October 2021. The cost of production had risen considerably as steel prices rose. This was also due to the ongoing rise in gasoline prices. The Chinese government made strenuous efforts to put the price spike under control, and by mid-November 2021, it had succeeded. In Europe, the price has remained stable at roughly 150 USD/MT. The prices of coal and natural gas impact steam prices.
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Steam basically refers to the water in its gaseous form. Steam is obtained through boiling or evaporation of water. While the steam that is saturated or superheated is invisible, the real steam or wet steam is often formed upon the condensation of water vapour.
Traditionally, steam is created by heating a boiler and burning coal or other fuels, but now-a-days, it can also be created using solar energy. The enthalpy of vaporization is the energy that is needed to turn water into the gaseous form as it increases in volume by 1,700 times at standard temperature and pressure.
Heat treatment, Sterilization, Energy/electricity production, Agricultural, Energy storage, Lifting gas, Mechanical effort, Wood treatment, Concrete treatment
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In order to produce Steam, water is heated at standard temperature and pressure. As the water starts to boil at 1000C, its evaporation takes place, thus, leading to the formation of Steam.
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